And one of these questions that have more disputes - in different counties is incorporation clause in the bill of lading under charter - party 其中存在較多爭議的問題之一就是,租約提單中的并入條款。
In my thesis i try to discuss some questions about the law and practice of the incorporation clause in the bill of lading under charter - party 本文試圖就有關(guān)租約提單下的并入條款中的若干法律及實務(wù)方面的問題展開討論。
Hague - rules - hague rules being always applied to b / l , it seems necessary to stu ^ y the relationship between incorporation clause in b / l and hague rules 鑒于海牙規(guī)則常常被適用于提單,本文同時介紹了英美法下的提單并入條款與海牙規(guī)則的關(guān)系。
The third chapter explains that our country and other countries at common law confirm the legal effect of the incorporation clause in the bill of lading 第三章結(jié)合英美普通法來說明各國包括我國對租約提單中的并入條款的法律效力是予以承認的。
General rules of incorporation clauses in b / l - as a common contract clause , incorporation clause in b / l should be analyzed with general contractual construing rules 在提單并入條款的一般規(guī)定方面,本文首先是將提單并入條款作為一條普通的合同條款,從合同條款解釋的一般原則出發(fā)進行分析。
After that i also analyze that some unreasonable clause ( for example : delivery the goods without b / l ) of the charter - party could be incorporated into the b / l by incorporation clause or not ; by the law rule of the england i try to point 之后又分析了租約中一些看似不太合理的條款(如無單放貨條款)能否以提單中的合并條款并入提單,結(jié)合英國判例法的做法,針對我國的現(xiàn)狀,本人試圖提出一些膚淺的觀點。
And i analyze the effect of incorporation clause in the special situations , such as re - charter ; the incorporation clause has some blanks ; and the effect of the incorporation clause is showed when the oral contract is incorporated into the bill of lading 并具體分析了幾種特殊情況下對提單中并入條款效力的認定,這幾種特殊情況是在轉(zhuǎn)租船的情況下;提單并入條款存在空白時;以及口頭租約并入時的租約提單并入條款的效力問題。
We will reach the essence of it in this chapter by reading the leading cases such as the merak [ 1965 ] and the annefield [ 1971 ] , which reflect the attitude of english court towards general incorporation clause and special incorporation clause ; the miramar [ 1984 ] and the rena - k [ 1978 ] , which reveal the verbal manipulation regulations on incorporated clauses from c / p ; the sannicholas [ 1976 ] , which gives resolution when the incorporation clause fails to point out the c / p meant to incorporate 本文在分析英國典型案例的基礎(chǔ)上對這些規(guī)定逐一予以分析。首先,通過merak案、 annefield案的分析介紹英國法對一般并入條款和特別并入條款的規(guī)定;其次,通過miramar案、 renak案的分析揭示英國法對意圖被并入提單的租約條款作語言調(diào)整的規(guī)定;最后,通過sannicholas案闡明英國法在并入條款未指明提單意圖并入哪一份租約時的處理方式。
Chinese current situation - there is three major controversies , which result in inconsistency in judicial decisions . they are the requirement on the form of incorporation clause , the validity of incorporating the arbitration clause from c / p into b / l and meanwhile restricting the b / l holder as the third party and the method of identifying the proper law of incorporated arbitration clause 主要集中在三個方面:第一,司法審判對并入條款的形式要求不一致;第二,對仲裁條款是否可以被并入提單以約束非租方的提單持有人的問題,現(xiàn)存的觀點不一致;第三,對被并入提單的仲裁條款的準據(jù)法的選擇方式不一致。
This thesis focuses on the topics as follows : firstly , general rules of incorporation clauses in b / l ; secondly , regulations of american and english case law regarding incorporation clause in b / l , and finally analysis of the contradiction of the judicial decisions of our country in this area . the aim of the article is to provide examples and reduce inconsistency 針對我國關(guān)于租約中仲裁條款并入問題的司法判例尚未統(tǒng)一和明確的現(xiàn)狀,本文先后介紹了提單中并入條款的一般規(guī)定;英國法關(guān)于提單并入條款的規(guī)定;美國法關(guān)于提單并入條款的規(guī)定;并在本論文中分析了我國關(guān)于租約仲裁條款并入提單的司法審判不一致的主要方面及各種現(xiàn)存的觀點,旨在提供一些可供借鑒的他國經(jīng)驗,為司法的統(tǒng)一盡棉薄之力。